A common xylitol artificial sweetener found in sugar-free chewing gum may be linked to a higher risk of heart attacks and strokes, according to new research. Xylitol is widely used in chewing gum, mints, toothpaste and other products marketed as lower-sugar alternatives. Researchers found that people with higher levels of xylitol in their blood had a greater risk of major cardiovascular events.
Study Examines Nearly 18,000 People
Researchers analyzed data from 17,710 participants in two large long-term population studies: the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging and the EPIC-Norfolk study. Participants were assessed based on their circulating xylitol levels and then followed for cardiovascular outcomes, including heart attacks, strokes and death.
In the Canadian group, participants with the highest xylitol levels had a 57% higher risk of a major cardiovascular event than those with the lowest levels. In the EPIC-Norfolk group, the researchers found an 18% higher risk over a follow-up period of up to 30 years.
Xylitol May Affect Blood Clotting
Scientists say the findings may be connected to the way xylitol affects platelets, the blood cells responsible for clotting. Earlier research found that xylitol could increase platelet reactivity and potentially promote the formation of blood clots. Such clots can contribute to serious cardiovascular events, including heart attacks and strokes.
Xylitol occurs naturally in very small amounts in the body and some foods, but commercial products can contain much higher concentrations. It is commonly added to sugar-free gum, candies, toothpaste and other low-calorie foods because it provides sweetness with fewer calories than regular sugar.
Researchers Urge More Investigation
Despite the concerning association, researchers stress that the latest study does not prove that xylitol causes heart attacks or strokes. Because the research is observational, it can identify an association but cannot establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship. Experts say controlled studies are needed to better understand the long-term cardiovascular effects of xylitol.
The findings add to growing scientific interest in the potential cardiovascular effects of sugar substitutes. For consumers, the research does not mean that every product containing xylitol will cause harm, but it does highlight the need for further research into the long-term safety of frequently consumed sweeteners.
Source : thetimes.com
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